Person Page - 3277

     Jabez Tripp was born on 15 October 1729 at Dartmouth, Bristol Co., Massachusetts, U.S.A; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ He married ? ? before 1754 at U.S.A; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ Jabez Tripp died in 1805 at Haldimand Twp., Northumberland Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     ? ? was born circa 1733; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ She married Jabez Tripp before 1754 at U.S.A; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ As of before 1754,her married name was Tripp.¹ ? ? died circa 1807 at Haldimand Twp., Northumberland Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     David Tripp Jr. was born in 1787 at Onondaga Co., New York, U.S.A; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ He married Susan Weller, daughter of Gad Weller and Margaret ?, circa 1809 at York Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ David Tripp Jr. died on 9 October 1843 at Highland Creek, York Co., Canada West; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Charles Tripp Sr. was born in 1784 at New York, U.S.A; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ He married Lydia Weller, daughter of Gad Weller and Margaret ?, circa 1805 at Haldimand Twp., Northumberland Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ Charles Tripp Sr. died on 19 August 1828 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Charles Tripp Jr. was born circa 1806 at Haldimand Twp., Northumberland Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ He married Mary "Polly" Ashbridge, daughter of John Ashbridge and Sara Mercer, on 4 July 1827 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ Charles Tripp Jr. died on 16 January 1883 at Delaware Co., Iowa, U.S.A; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Mary "Polly" Ashbridge was born circa 1810 at York Twp., York Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ As of 4 July 1827,her married name was Tripp.¹ She married Charles Tripp Jr., son of Charles Tripp Sr. and Lydia Weller, on 4 July 1827 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ Mary "Polly" Ashbridge died in 1885 at Delaware Co., Iowa, U.S.A; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Nathan Willard Tripp was born on 28 July 1808 at Haldimand Twp., Northumberland Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ He married Hannah Coon, daughter of John Coon and ? ?, in 1832 at Hamilton Twp., Northumberland Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ Nathan Willard Tripp married Alvira Catherine Bradley, daughter of Lemuel H. Bradley and Catherine Wait, in 1839 at Porter, Niagara Co., New York, U.S.A; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ Nathan Willard Tripp died on 17 July 1888 at Eagleville, Harrison Co., Missouri, U.S.A., at age 79; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Hannah Coon was born circa 1810 at Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ As of 1832,her married name was Tripp.¹ She married Nathan Willard Tripp, son of Charles Tripp Sr. and Lydia Weller, in 1832 at Hamilton Twp., Northumberland Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ Hannah Coon died circa 1833 at Hamilton Twp., Northumberland Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     John Coon was born circa 1766 at New York, U.S.A; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ He married ? ? before 1790; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     ? ? was born circa 1770 at New York, U.S.A; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ She married John Coon before 1790; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ As of before 1790,her married name was Coon.¹

     Benjamin Coon was born in 1825 at Haldimand Twp., Northumberland Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ He married Hannah Sinclare on 22 December 1847 at Haldimand Twp., Northumberland Co., Canada West; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Hannah Sinclare was born in 1827 at Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ As of 22 December 1847,her married name was Coon.¹ She married Benjamin Coon, son of John Coon and ? ?, on 22 December 1847 at Haldimand Twp., Northumberland Co., Canada West; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Alvira Catherine Bradley was born on 30 January 1824 at Haldimand Twp., Northumberland Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ As of 1839,her married name was Tripp. She married Nathan Willard Tripp, son of Charles Tripp Sr. and Lydia Weller, in 1839 at Porter, Niagara Co., New York, U.S.A; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ Alvira Catherine Bradley died on 24 August 1897 at Eagleville, Harrison Co., Missouri, U.S.A., at age 73; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     John H. Tripp was born on 11 March 1811 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ He married Esther Potts on 17 October 1833 at Reach Twp., Home Dist., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ John H. Tripp died on 30 September 1875 at Delaware Co., Iowa, U.S.A., at age 64; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Esther Potts was born in May 1813 at Ireland; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ As of 17 October 1833,her married name was Tripp.¹ She married John H. Tripp, son of Charles Tripp Sr. and Lydia Weller, on 17 October 1833 at Reach Twp., Home Dist., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ Esther Potts died on 9 October 1876 at Delaware Co., Iowa, U.S.A., at age 63; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Daniel Tripp was born in 1815 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ He married Mary Ann McConhisk on 10 May 1836 at Reach Twp., Home Dist., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ Daniel Tripp died on 20 March 1892 at Northumberland Co., Ontario; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Mary Ann McConhisk was born circa 1820; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ As of 10 May 1836,her married name was Tripp.¹ She married Daniel Tripp, son of Charles Tripp Sr. and Lydia Weller, on 10 May 1836 at Reach Twp., Home Dist., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Elizabeth "Betsy" Elliott was born circa 1803 at New York, U.S.A; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018. Location NY per 1880 Census for son Gad Weller.^1,2 As of 30 December 1821,her married name was Weller.¹ She married John Butts Weller, son of Gad Weller and Margaret ?, on 30 December 1821 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     James Elliott was born on 2 June 1773 at Scotland; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ He married Janet Thomson, daughter of Archibald Thomson and Elizabeth McKay, in 1802 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ James Elliott died on 11 April 1849 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Canada West, at age 75; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Janet Thomson was born on 3 September 1785 at Detroit, Wayne Co., Michigan, U.S.A; "Janet, b Sept. 3, 1785" per Loyalist Directory, Childen of Archibald Thomson and Elizabeth McKay - see marriage.
Date Sep 3 1785 & location "Detroit, Wayne Co., Michigan, USA" per family tree of June Greene-Casselman on ancestry.ca, Oct 26 2020. Date 1785 per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.^1,2 She married James Elliott in 1802 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ As of 1802,her married name was Elliott.¹ Janet Thomson died on 13 July 1871 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Ontario, at age 85; per family tree of June Greene-Casselman on ancestry.ca, Oct 26 2020. per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Archibald Thomson was born on 7 May 1749 at Nethernock, Westerkirk Parish, Dumfriesshire, Scotland; Date May 7 1749 & location Scotland per FindaGrave. Date May 7 1749 & location Netherknock, Westerkirk Parish, Dumphriesshire, Scotland per family tree of June Greene-Casselman on ancestry.ca, Oct 26 2020. Date May 7 1749 &location Westerkirk, Scotland per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.^1,2 He married Elizabeth McKay on 27 July 1781 at Quebec, Quebec; Loyalist Directory List of Children on Archibald Thomson and Elizabeth McKay: "Andrew, b Apr 25 1782, Mary b Dec 7, 1783, Janet, b Sept 3, 1785, Elizabeth, b June 5, 1787, Helen C. Eleanor, b Apr 30, 1789, Hugh Christopher, b Aug 11, 179, Edward W., b Jan 5, 1794, Alexander J., b July 28, 1796, Archibald, b Mar 2, 1799, George, b May 18, 1801, Agnes, b Dec 31, 1803" http://www.uelac.org/Loyalist-Info/detail.php?letter=t&line=108
Date July 27 1781 & location Quebec City, Lower Canada per family tree of June Greene-Casselman on ancestry.ca, Oct 26 2020. per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.
Note: Upper and Lower Canada were created in 1792 when the Province of Quebec was split in two.^1,3 Archibald Thomson lived in June 1796 at Newark, Wentowrth Co., Upper Canada; "Brothers David and Andrew Thomson, along with their wives and children, left Dumfriesshire, Scotland, in 1796 and arrived in Newark (Niagara) in June of that year. These men, both skilled stonemasons, were joining their brother, Archibald, a carpenter and businessman who was already well established in the New World. Archibald Thomson, a United Empire Loyalist, had previously arrived in Johnstown, in what is now New York State, in 1773 and had served in the Loyalist militia during the American War of Independence." Fairburn, M. Jane. Along the Shore: Rediscovering Toronto's Waterfront Heritage (Kindle Locations 590-594). ECW Press. Kindle Edition. He lived in 1797 at York, York Co., Upper Canada; "Archibald Thomson, 6 males, 5 females" List of the inhabitants of the township of York and it's vicinity in the year 1797, from The Town of York 1793-1815, Law and Order, page 89.
Note: Brothers David and Andrew are also listed.⁴ He lived in 1797 at York, York Co., Upper Canada; "In 1797, the three Thomson brothers and their families moved to York, where they were active in the construction trade. David and Andrew worked on the brick walls of the first Parliament Building at York, and all three brothers were involved in construction projects at the Garrison in 1815." Fairburn, M. Jane. Along the Shore: Rediscovering Toronto's Waterfront Heritage (Kindle Locations 594-596). ECW Press. Kindle Edition. He lived in 1799 at Scarborough Twp., Highland Creek, York Co., Upper Canada; "York in those days was concentrated near the northeasterly shore of Toronto Bay. Mary Thomson, like so many others, feared the diseases that were thought to be associated with living so close to the low-lying marshes of the Don River. In the spring of 1799 she and her husband, David, left Toronto Bay at York and walked into the Scarborough forest, along an old aboriginal trail that led northeast, likely the same trail that once led toward the Iroquois village of Ganatsekwyagon. They moved inland, setting up camp along Highland Creek, roughly two and a half miles from the cliffs. There they established their homestead, becoming Scarborough’s first permanent European settlers. This area was named Bendale in the late nineteenth century." Fairburn, M. Jane. Along the Shore: Rediscovering Toronto's Waterfront Heritage (Kindle Locations 596-601). ECW Press. Kindle Edition. He lived in 1801 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada; "In 1801 the Archibald Thomson family moved to Scarborough, settling close to David and Mary on Highland Creek. The Andrew Thomson family followed one year later, along with a few others originally from Dumfriesshire." Fairburn, M. Jane. Along the Shore: Rediscovering Toronto's Waterfront Heritage (Kindle Locations 605-606). ECW Press. Kindle Edition. He died on 22 January 1819 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada, at age 69; Date Jan 22 1819 & location Scarborough Twp. per FindaGrave. Date Jan 22 1819 & location Scarborough Twp. per family tree of June Greene-Casselman on ancestry.ca, Oct 26 2020. Date Jan 22 1918 & location Scarborough Twp per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.^1,2 He was buried on 24 January 1819 at Saint Andrew's Presbyterian Church Cemetery, Scarborough, York Co., Upper Canada; FindaGrave: Name: Archibald Thomson; BIRTH: 7 May 1749, Scotland; DEATH: 22 Jan 1819 (aged 69), Scarborough, York Co., Upper Canada; BURIAL: Saint Andrew's Presbyterian Church Cemetery, Scarborough, York Co., Upper Canada: MEMORIAL ID: 88172778 (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/88172778/archibald-thomson.)²

     Elizabeth McKay was born in 1762 at Gamrie, Banffshire, Scotland; Date 1763 & location Gamrie, Banffshire, Scotland per family tree of June Greene-Casselman on ancestry.ca, Oct 26 2020. Date 1762 & location Scotland per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ She married Archibald Thomson, son of Andrew Thomson and Jane Scott, on 27 July 1781 at Quebec, Quebec; Loyalist Directory List of Children on Archibald Thomson and Elizabeth McKay: "Andrew, b Apr 25 1782, Mary b Dec 7, 1783, Janet, b Sept 3, 1785, Elizabeth, b June 5, 1787, Helen C. Eleanor, b Apr 30, 1789, Hugh Christopher, b Aug 11, 179, Edward W., b Jan 5, 1794, Alexander J., b July 28, 1796, Archibald, b Mar 2, 1799, George, b May 18, 1801, Agnes, b Dec 31, 1803" http://www.uelac.org/Loyalist-Info/detail.php?letter=t&line=108
Date July 27 1781 & location Quebec City, Lower Canada per family tree of June Greene-Casselman on ancestry.ca, Oct 26 2020. per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.
Note: Upper and Lower Canada were created in 1792 when the Province of Quebec was split in two.^1,2 As of 27 July 1781,her married name was Thomson.¹ Elizabeth McKay died on 22 April 1817 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada; Date Apr 22 1817 & location Scarborough Twp. per family tree of June Greene-Casselman on ancestry.ca, Oct 26 2020. Date 1817 & location Scarborough Twp. per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     Andrew Thomson was born on 5 February 1712 at Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ He married Jane Scott circa 1745; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ Andrew Thomson died on 21 September 1792 at Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, at age 80; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ He was buried on 23 September 1792 at Westerkirk Churchyard, Bentpath, Dumfriesshire, Scotland; FindaGracve: Name: Andrew Thomson; BIRTH: 5 Feb 1712, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland; DEATH: 21 Dec 1792 (aged 80), Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland; BURIAL:
Westerkirk Churchyard, Bentpath, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland; MEMORIAL ID: 115054981 (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/115054981/andrew-thomson.)²

     Jane Scott was born in 1717 at Scotland; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ She married Andrew Thomson circa 1745; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹ As of circa 1745,her married name was Thomson.¹ Jane Scott died on 22 February 1802; per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.¹

     David Thomson was born on 30 September 1763 at Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland; Date Sep 30 1763 & location Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland per FindaGrave. Date Sep 30 1763 & locaiton Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.^1,2 He married Mary Glendinning, daughter of James Glendinning and Isobel Beattie, on 30 November 1787 at Westerkirk, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland; Date Nov 30 1787 & location Westerkirk, Scotland per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.
Children listed per David Thomson's Will: "... to my son James Thomson, £100... to my son David Thomson, £100... to my son John Thomson, £100... to my son Andrew Thomson, £75... to my son Richard Thomson, £75... to my son William Thomson, £75; …to my son Archibald Thomson, £75... to my daughter Isabella Thomson, £50... to my daughter Janet Thomson, £50... to my daughter Mary Thomson, £50" per Note in FindaGrave for David Thomson, source Sandi Sullivan.^1,2 David Thomson immigrated on 23 June 1796 to Upper Canada; "The Thomson saga began when David Thomson, his wife Mary, and their four young children arrived in Canada in 1796. On July 14 1796, his brother Archibald petitioned for a Land Grant for David and noted in his petition that David and his family had just arrived in June 23, 1796." per Note in FindaGrave for David Thomson, source Sandi Sullivan.² He lived in July 1796 at Newark, Niagara Dist., Upper Canada; "However, David and his family did not settle initially in Scarborough. They first lived in Newark (now known as Niagara-on-the-Lake) where David worked as a mason for his brother Archibald, who had settled there earlier." per Note in FindaGrave for David Thomson, source Sandi Sullivan.
"The Thomson Settlement; The first permanent resident in Scarborough Township was David Thomson, a Scot who came to Upper Canada with his brother Andrew in 1796. Each was granted 400 acres and David built a log cabin in his property that year. He was soon joined by other settlers, including his brothers Andre and Archibald. The Thomsons, who were stonemasons, worked on the first Parliament Buildings at York (Toronto). A road connecting the settlement with York was opened by 179 and a sawmill was built by each of the brothers. A Presbyterian church, the first in the township, was built in 1819 on David's land and became the centre of the prospering "Thomson Settlement". (Archaellogical and Historic Sites Board of Ontario)" per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.^1,2 He lived in July 1797 at York, York Co., Upper Canada; "There are no entries in his account book between June 23 and July 26th, 1797, but David and his family are recorded as being inhabitants of York on July 17, 1797 when the first York Town Meeting was held. It can be reasonably assumed, therefore, that the family moved from Newark to York early in the summer of 1797." per Note in FindaGrave for David Thomson, source Sandi Sullivan.² He lived on 26 July 1797 at York, York Co., Upper Canada; "At York, David worked as a mason, constructing the first Government Buildings. His account book verifies that he began "the wall the Government Brick house" on July 26th, 1797." per Note in FindaGrave for David Thomson, source Sandi Sullivan.² He lived in August 1797 at York, York Co., Upper Canada; "David Thomson, 6 males, 2 females" List of the inhabitants of the township of York and it's vicinity in the year 1797, from The Town of York 1793-1815, Law and Order, page 89.
Note: Brothers Archibald and Andrew are also listed.³ He lived in March 1799 at York, York Co., Upper Canada; "Although there was no list of inhabitants of York for 1798, a Town meeting was held in March 1799, at Miles Tavern in York and a list of all the inhabitants of the Townships of York, Scarborough and Etobeconk (sic) was recorded. No one was listed as living in Scarborough at that time and David Thomson, his family of eight, and friends James Elliot and Andrew Johnson were all listed as living in York." per Note in FindaGrave for David Thomson, source Sandi Sullivan.² He lived on 21 May 1799 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada; "Finally, on May 21st, 1799, David Thomson petitioned for land "in Scarborough, where he now resides and was the first settler of that Township." Peter Russell, who was then the administrator of Upper Canada, endorsed the petition stating, "In consideration of the Petitioner's large family and his being the first settler who has built a house and resides in Scarborough, ordered 200 acres." per Note in FindaGrave for David Thomson, source Sandi Sullivan.
"York in those days was concentrated near the northeasterly shore of Toronto Bay. Mary Thomson, like so many others, feared the diseases that were thought to be associated with living so close to the low-lying marshes of the Don River. In the spring of 1799 she and her husband, David, left Toronto Bay at York and walked into the Scarborough forest, along an old aboriginal trail that led northeast, likely the same trail that once led toward the Iroquois village of Ganatsekwyagon. They moved inland, setting up camp along Highland Creek, roughly two and a half miles from the cliffs. There they established their homestead, becoming Scarborough’s first permanent European settlers. This area was named Bendale in the late nineteenth century." Fairburn, M. Jane. Along the Shore: Rediscovering Toronto's Waterfront Heritage (Kindle Locations 596-601). ECW Press. Kindle Edition.² He died on 22 June 1834 at Scarborough Twp., York Co., Upper Canada, at age 70; Date Jun 22 1834 & location Ont. per FindaGrave. Date Jun 22 1834 & location Scarborough Twp. per family tree of jandrews7231 on ancestry.ca, Sep 26 2018.^1,2 He was buried on 24 June 1834 at Saint Andrew's Presbyterian Church Cemetery, Scarborough, York Co., Upper Canada; FindaGrave: Name: David Thomson; BIRTH: 30 Sep 1763, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland; DEATH: 22 Jun 1834 (aged 70), Ontario, Canada; BURIAL: Saint Andrew's Presbyterian Church Cemetery, Scarborough, Toronto Municipality, Ontario, Canada; MEMORIAL ID: 13887980; Note: too big to include here ... (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/13887980/david-thomson#source.)²